Förmaksflimmer karakteriseras av en snabb förmaksrytm som är oregelbundet oregelbunden och tillståndet är oftast kroniskt. Vanligen uppstår förmaksflimmer hos hund vid förmaksdilatation, sekundärt till förvärvade hjärtsjukdomar såsom dilaterad kardiomyopati (DCM) eller kronisk hjärtklaffsdegeneration. Förutom hjärtsjukdomar kan även andra sjukdomar ge upphov till förmaksflimmer och arytmin kan uppstå i frånvaro av underliggande sjukdom, så kallat idiopatiskt förmaksflimmer. Ökad kunskap om förmaksflimmer och dess orsaker hos hund behövs och syftet med denna studie var att undersöka vilka hundar som vanligen drabbas av förmaksflimmer genom att karakterisera en grupp av förmaksflimmerhundar i Sverige. Dessutom avsåg studien att undersöka om förmaksflimmer är vanligt förekommande vid andra sjukdomar än förvärvade hjärtsjukdomar, samt att, eftersom DCM är en av de vanligaste orsakerna till förmaksflimmer, undersöka hur vanligt förmaksflimmer är vid DCM.

The object of this thesis is the foundation of ethics. The question is whether there exists a universal core to ethics consisting of a fundamental ethical principle across cultures. This principle could for example be the so-called Golden Rule, which goes as follows: ?You should do to others what you want them to do to you?. The Golden Rule is to be found in many of the world?s religions and is also reflected in secular society.

This paper examines the structure of The Golden Notebook and in which way it reflects thethemes in the novel. This paper also describes the context of the 1960`s in which a certaintype of ideas were developing and wants to place The Golden Notebook in this context. Finallythe paper investigates what can be understood by reading the novel as a part of that context..

This paper examines the structure of The Golden Notebook and in which way it reflects thethemes in the novel. This paper also describes the context of the 1960`s in which a certaintype of ideas were developing and wants to place The Golden Notebook in this context. Finallythe paper investigates what can be understood by reading the novel as a part of that context..

Hip dysplasia is a common, inherited malformation of the coxofemoral joint that eventually leads to osteoarthrosis. Several breeds of dogs are affected and the prevalence varies between different breeds. As part of the effort to reduce the prevalence of hip dysplasia and select dogs suitable for breeding, radiological screening is performed by at least 12 months of age. Before the radiological examination the dog has to be chemically restrained, sedated or anesthetized. The sedation protocol used differs between veterinary clinics. The impact of sedation method of the screening result for hip dysplasia has been studied.

Syftet med denna explorativa studie var att utforska säkerhetsklimat, psykosociala förhållanden och organisationsklimat i Transportflygorganisationen i Försvarsmakten och i företaget Golden Air. Författarna har studerat och jämfört de två flygorganisationerna, som skiljer sig åt i struktur, ledning, resurser, visioner, uppgifter och mål. En enkätundersökning genomfördes med hjälp av instrumenten QPSNordic och Safety Culture. Av sammanlagt 125 utsända enkäter inkom totalt 74 svar (59 % svarsfrekvens), 53 ifrån Förvarsmakten och 21 ifrån Golden Air. Safety Culture visade att piloterna i Golden Air bedömde sin Arbetssituation signifikant mer positivt än flygförarna i Försvarsmakten.

To fit into our society the dogs of today need a good mentality. To investigate their mentalitydifferent behavior tests have been developed. The tests are useful tools in the selection ofbreeding animals as well as for working and companion dogs. To counter the demand for atest that could be suited for all kind of dogs, regardless of their future function, the mentalitytest Beteende- och personlighetsbeskrivning hund (BPH) was developed. BPH consists ofseven subtests that expose dogs to various situations that can be found in everyday life, suchas meeting an unfamiliar person, sudden noises and suddenly appearing objects.The aim of this study was to find out if there are differences in physiological values betweenindividuals, validate the behavior observations during BPH and get aware of how the dogsexperience the situation.

Inbreeding, the mating of related individuals, has been the one dominating breeding strategy for dog breeders during the last 200 years. However, its negative effects on fer-tility and other fitness traits, a phenomenon called inbreeding depression, have been ignored in the quest of perfect unity in conformation or performance. The purpose of this study was to test the hypotheses that litter size is reduced as a consequence of in-breeding, affected by both the inbreeding coefficient of the dam and the litter and that a rapid increase in the inbreeding coefficient affects litter size more than a slower rate. Data were collected from the Swedish Kennel Club registry of origin. Breeds included in the study were the Bernese Mountain Dog, the Cocker Spaniel, the Golden retriever, the Rottweiler and the West Highland White Terrier.

This study examines the factors that influence the seasonal movements of Golden Eagles (Aquila chrysaetos), and can thus provide important information that helps to improve the protection of the species. There were two main purposes of this study. First, I wanted to analyze the difference between preferences of juvenile and adult Golden Eagles in their choice of southern or northern hibernation areas. Do younger eagles prefer moving longer distance to southern areas of Sweden? Second, I wanted to investigate how the climate influenced the choice of date of migration in the fall.

Throughout its wide distribution in the northern hemisphere, the golden eagle occurs in a diverse range of environments, e.g., mountainous, forest and open areas. The literature on juvenile golden eagles is limited, and this study provides further knowledge on habitat use and ranging behaviour during the post-fledging period in boreal Sweden. A total of 14 golden eagle juveniles were tagged with GPS transmitters during 2010 and 2011, and nine could be followed during the entire post-fledging period from fledging until migration. The juveniles fledged at the end of July and beginning of August and initiated migration during October and beginning of November. The length of the post-fledging period, until migration started, ranged from 49 to 97 days. During this period, the juveniles? distance from their natal nest and their GPS height increased with time as their flying abilities developed.

I denna genetiska associationsstudie undersöks det eventuella sambandet mellan DLA klass II (hundens MHC klass II) och utvecklandet av autoimmun sjukdom hos Nova Scotia duck tolling retriever. Syftet är att finna eventuella riskalleler eller -haplotyper av generna DLA-DRB1 och -DQA1. DNA från 35 hundar med bekräftad eller misstänkt autoimmun sjukdom, samt från 40 kontroller, används i studien. Hundarna, alla av rasen Nova Scotia duck tolling retriever, kommer från Storbritannien, Sverige, och USA (Boston). Generna DLA-DRB1 och - DQA1 amplifieras ur detta DNA med PCR-teknik och genom sekvensering fastställs alleluppsättningar hos varje enskild hund. 13 hundar i studien har steroidresponsiv meningit-arterit, 12 har lymfocytär thyroidit och resterande 10 hundar har andra misstänkta autoimmuna sjukdomar, däribland Addisons sjukdom, epilepsi och vitiligo. Steroidresponsiv meningit-arterit (SRMA) är en form av meningit med vaskulit i meningernas blodkärl, med symtom som nacksmärta och feber. Sjukdomen kännetecknas bland annat av ett förhöjt antal leukocyter och antikroppar av typen IgG, IgM och IgA i cerebrospinalvätskan samt en ökad koncentration av IgA i serum. Lymfocytär thyroidit innebär en immunmedierad destruktion av sköldkörteln och är en vanlig orsak till hypothyroidism hos hund.

In the dog breed Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever (NSDTR) several dogs suffer from joint pain and possibly pain from the muscles. This diffuse disease is called Immune-mediated Non- Erosive Arthritis in Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever. The disease is most likely of autoimmune nature where the etiology still is unknown. The musculoskeletal symptoms of stiffness and shifting lameness are intermittently seen. Some dogs also have dermatological changes and some dogs suffer from pain when opening their mouth. The study included 20 diseased and 20 healthy NSDTR. The purpose was to describe immune-mediated arthritis in NSDTR based on symptoms, results of analysis and effect of treatment. Among the diseased dogs 65% had serum positive for antinuclear antibodies by indirect immunofluorescense (IIF) ANA-test.

Renal dysplasia is a developmental anomaly of the kidneys which is considered to be the primary lesion in juvenile progressive nephropathy, a condition leading to chronic renal failure in young dogs. It is defined as disorganised development of the renal parenchyma due to abnormal differentiation, and pathological lesions include persistent foetal structures, dysplastic tubules and cartilaginous and osseus metaplasia. The aetiology of renal dysplasia in dogs is still unknown, but possible causes are infection with canine herpesvirus, teratogenic substances or intrauterine ureteral obstruction. In some breeds renal dysplasia is a familial or inherited disease. Clinical signs of chronic renal failure, such as polyuria, polydipsia, vomiting, weight loss, anorexia, lethargy and anemia, usually appear before the age of 2 years.

Samhället eftersträvar att förhindra våld. Tre ansatser har etablerats för att avgöra farlighet och för att bedöma risk för våld; den ostrukturerade professionella bedömningsansatsen, den aktuariska bedömningsansatsen, samt den strukturerade professionella bedömningsansatsen. HCR-20 är ett strukturerat professionellt bedömningsinstrument med hög validitet och interbedömarreliabilitet i bedömning av risk för våld. HCR-20 genomgår en evidensbaserad uppdatering och den reviderade versionen skall utvärderas - syftet med studien var därför att undersöka interbedömarreliabilitet för den tredje versionen av HCR-20 [HCR-V3]. Vid Rättspsykiatriska regionkliniken i Sundsvall riskbedömdes 35 patienter som inskrivits för tvångsvård under februari 2010 till oktober 2011.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between IPO and revenue growth of primary-listed companies on Nasdaq OMX Stockholm. The study is limited to examining the listing?s impact only on sales growth, during a period of seven years.Theoretical Framwork: The theoretical framework applied in the study aims to answer the purpose and research questions. In this study previous research is of great importance.Methodology: The study is based on a quantitative research approach with statistical elements. The study is conducted through the collection of annual reports of listed companies from the database Retriever Business.